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Glossary of Medical Specialties

Allergy 

The diagnosis and treatment of allergies.

Anesthesiology 
The technique of inducing unconsciousness or insensitivity to pain during an operation or procedure.

Behavioral Health 
The diagnosis and treatment of chemical dependency and eating disorders.

Cardiology 
The diagnosis and treatment of heart disease.

Dermatology 
The diagnosis and treatment of skin conditions.

Emergency Medicine 
Acute episodic medical care.

Endocrinology 
The diagnosis and treatment of diseases involving hormone-secreting glands such as the pancreas, ovaries, thyroid and testes.

Family Practice 
The diagnosis and treatment of any ailment that does not require surgery in adults/or children.

Gastroenterology 
The treatment of stomach and intestinal problems.

Geriatrics 
The treatment of the aged.

Gynecology 
The diagnosis and treatment of diseases involving the female reproductive system.

Gynecology/Oncology 
Treatment of cancerous disorders of the female genital tract.

Infectious Disease 
The treatment of disease that tends to spread or infect others.

Internal Medicine 
The diagnosis and treatment of any ailment in adults that does not require surgery.

Maternal/Fetal Medicine 
The treatment of both mother and fetus during high-risk pregnancy.

Neonatology 
The advanced care of newborns.

Nephrology 
The study and treatment of the kidney and its diseases.

Neurology 
The diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the nervous system.

Neurosurgery 
Surgery to correct disorders of the nervous system.

Nuclear Medicine 
The science of injecting radioactive chemicals into the body's organs and tissues to aid in diagnosis and therapy.

Obstetrics 
The management of pregnancy, labor and care of the new mother.

Occupational Health 
The diagnosis and treatment of work-related injuries.

Oncology/Hematology 
The diagnosis and treatment of diseases involving the blood and blood-forming tissue, especially cancer and its related complications.

Ophthalmology 
Diagnosis and treatment, including surgery, for disorders of the eye.

Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery 
Surgery to correct disorders of the mouth, teeth, gums and jaw.

Orthodontics 
The diagnosis and treatment of irregularities of the teeth.

Otolaryngology 
Treatment of disorders of the ear, nose and throat.

Pathology 
The study of structural and functional changes in tissues and organs to determine the presence and nature of disease.

Pediatrics 
The care of children, including the diagnosis and treatment of childhood disorders.

Pediatric Cardiology 
The treatment of heart disease in children.

Pediatric Dentistry 
The diagnosis and treatment of children's mouth and teeth disorders.

Pediatric Endocrinology 
The diagnosis and treatment of endocrine disorders in children.

Pediatric Nephrology 
The treatment of kidney disease in children.

Pediatric Neurology 
The treatment of children's nervous disorders.

Pediatric Opthalmology 
Diagnosis and treatment-including surgery-for children's disorders of the eye.

Pediatric Surgery 
Treatment of children's disease, injury or deformity by an operation.

Pediatric Urology 
The treatment of disorders of the urinary and genital organs in children.

Periodontics 
The diagnosis and treatment of gum diseases.

Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation 
The medical diagnosis and treatment of conditions that affect movement or cause chronic pain such as stroke, arthritis, defects in the extremities and back/neck pain.

Podiatry 
Diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the foot and ankle.

Psychiatry 
The study, treatment and prevention of mental disorders, including the prescription of drugs, by a medical doctor who specializes in human behavior.

Psychology - Medical Associates 
The care of behavioral and emotional problems by a professional other than a medical doctor through psychotherapy, counseling and psychoanalysis.

Pulmonary Medicine 
The diagnosis and treatment of lung conditions, including bronchitis, emphysema and cancer.

Radiation Therapy 
The use of radiation to treat cancer.

Radiology 
Use of X-rays to diagnose and treat disease.

Reproductive Endocrinology 
The treatment of infertility.

Reproductive Immunology 
The practice of treating couples with histories of recurrent pregnancy losses.

Rheumatology 
The diagnosis and treatment of diseases characterized by inflammation of the body's connective tissue, including arthritis.

Surgery, Colorectal 
The treatment of the colon and rectum through surgery.

Surgery, General 
Treatment of disease, injury or deformity by an operation.

Surgery, Neurosurgery 
Surgery to correct disorders of the nervous system.

Surgery, Oral 
Use of surgery to treat disorders of the mouth.

Surgery, Orthopedic 
Use of surgery to preserve and restore the function of the skeletal system.

Surgery, Plastic/Reconstructive 
The surgical reconstruction of a part of the body for aesthetic reasons or to correct damage caused by congenital defects, injuries and other traumas, or removal of cancerous growths.

Surgery, Retinal 
Surgery performed on the inside of the eye to treat disease, defects, deformities or injuries.

Surgery, Thoracic & Cardiovascular 
Surgery performed on the chest, including the blood vessels.

Surgery, Vascular 
Use of surgery to treat artery and vein disorders.

Urology 
Treatment of disorders of the urinary and genital organs